因为在树莓派上安装Box86遇到问题，看到下文，才发现了debootstrap，

Install Box86 on Arm64 - General chit chat - Armbian forum

2021.04.06
  • debootstrap
    • pbuilder

关于版本名字（codename）

debian codename来源，https://wiki.debian.org/DebianReleases#Codenames

Releases of the Debian distribution have both traditional version numbers and codenames based on characters from the Pixar/Disney movie "Toy Story" (1995). Sid, as you may recall, was the evil neighbor kid who broke all the toys. Additionally, the codename for the Experimental repository, RC-Buggy, was Andy's toy car, and is a pun on 'Release Critical' and 'Remote Control.'

Linux Debian codenames

special codename sid (Still In Development) which is symbolic link to codename which is currently unstable

这个问题的一个回答很风趣的讨论到Debian不用担心名字用完，到那个时候的可能Debian已经不适合那时候的计算设备了。

获取版本名字的方法，How to get Debian codename without lsb-release

  • lsb_release -c
  • 查看文件/etc/os-release（可以当作环境变量导入shell）

debootstrap

通过看网上的例子，分析出来的是否有比Arch更难安装和运行的Linux发行版？

SUITE可以直接写ubuntu的codename MIRROR写到含有ubuntu的dists/的路径 比如

  • https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
  • https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/

SUITE可以直接写ubuntu的codename MIRROR写到含有ubuntu的dists/的路径 比如

  • https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
  • https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/

安装例子

# ubuntu 16.04 i386
sudo debootstrap --arch=i386 xenial ubuntu1604-i386/ https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
# ubuntu 20.04 armhf (arm32), add at 2021.04.09
sudo debootstrap --arch=armhf focal u20-armhf/ https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/

mount dev, proc, sys in a chroot environment?

2021.04.07

看bashrc里有debian_chroot觉得有用，在网上找到What is $debian_chroot in .bashrc?，发现似乎很有趣的chroot包装——schroot！

schroot

使用例子

sudo schroot -c <chroot-name> -u <user>

参考man schroot.conf编辑/etc/schroot/chroot.d/<某个文件>即可，例如

# /etc/schroot/chroot.d/compiler
[u16-32]
description=ubuntu 16.04 (xenial) on i386
type=directory
directory=/home/ubuntu1604-i386

[u20-32]
description=ubuntu 20.04 (focal) on i386
type=directory
directory=/home/ubuntu2004-i386
2021.04.09

https://kb8ojh.net/elb/musings/jailing_X_with_sound.html

2021.04.10
  • man xauth
    • man X
2021.04.11

装ARM的chroot

debootstrap创建ARM目录，要加--foreign，

sudo debootstrap --foreign --arch=arm64 focal u20-arm64/ https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/
# 进入chroot后
/debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage

静态编译qemu，

静态链接总是失败，file发现仍然是动态链接？https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2725255/create-statically-linked-binary-that-uses-getaddrinfo

apt install qemu-user-static就可以。